Anemia, the most common hematologic abnormality, is a reduction in the concentration of erythrocytes or hemoglobin in blood. Pregnant women living in poverty are at greater risk of developing iron deficiency anaemia. A large number of women from lessresourced countries embark upon pregnancy with frank iron deficiency anemia andor depleted iron stores. Different researchers have shown a prevalence of anemia in pregnancy from 1950% hyder, 2004. The global prevalence of anemia in pregnancy is estimated to be approximately 41. Anemia epidemiology, pathophysiology, and etiology in low. Jan 01, 2018 prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of a selected hospital in accra,ghana article pdf available january 2018 with 3,860 reads how we measure reads. Who estimates that more than half of pregnant women in the world have a haemoglobin level indicative of anaemia 20%. Who guidelines were used to define and classify anemia as mild, moderate, or severe. Prevalence of anemia and sociodemographic factors associated. The two most common causes of anemia in pregnancy and the puerperium are iron deficiency and acute blood loss.
The prevalence of anemia and moderatesevere anemia in the. There is a lack of information on the magnitude of anemia among pregnant women in southeast ethiopia. Anemia in pregnancy is a major health problem with adverse maternal and foetal outcome worldwide specially, developing countries like india. The occurrence of low hemoglobin in our study is 70. Prevalence and determinants of anemia among pregnant women in. Prevalence of anemia globally and in southeast asian countries2,8. The relatively high prevalence of anemia in both pregnant and nonpregnant women of reproductive age and the progressively increasing prevalence of anemia in older women require obstetriciangynecologists to be well equipped to prevent anemia in susceptible women and to evaluate and treat the patients. Iron deficiency is the most widespread nutritional deficiency in the world and it accounts for 75% of all types of anemia in pregnancy 5,6. A woman with scd is more likely to have problems during pregnancy that can affect her health and the health of the unborn baby than a woman without scd.
Despite its known serious effect on health, there is very little research based evidence on this vital public health problem in gamo gofa zone in general and in arba minch town of southern ethiopia in particular. Pdf anemia prevalence and risk factors in pregnant women. The relatively high prevalence of anemia in both pregnant and nonpregnant women of reproductive age and the progressively increasing prevalence of anemia in older women require obstetriciangynecologists to be well equipped to prevent anemia in susceptible women and. It may complicate pregnancy, sometimes resulting in tragic outcomes. Due to routine iron supplementation in switzerland and iron treatment in anemic pregnant women, the mean hemoglobin level before delivery was 121 12 gl and the prevalence of anemia before delivery. Anaemia in pregnancy is a significant global health problem, with 38. Prevalence, risk factors, and adverse perinatal outcomes in northern tanzania. Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women % from the world bank. Prevalence, types and determinants of anemia among pregnant.
Reasons for anemia in pregnancy are mainly nutritional deficiencies, parasitic and bacterial diseases, and inborn red blood cell disorders such as thalassemias. During pregnancy, anemia increases 4fold from the 1st to the 3rd trimester, i. Anemia in pregnancy could be due to malnutrition, blood loss, infections. There is no metaanalysis on anemia during pregnancy in sudan. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy gian carlo di renzo. Prevalence, risk factors and associated adverse pregnancy. Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among pregnant. Thus the prevalence of moderate anemia was high in comparison to the other degrees of anemia. Anemia in pregnancy is a decrease in the total red blood cells rbcs or hemoglobin in the blood during pregnancy or in the period following pregnancy. The dilution of blood in pregnancy is a natural process and starts at approximately at the eighth week of pregnancy and progresses until the 32nd to 34th week of pregnancy 3. Clear guidelines need to be available for the management of this important. The study finding showed that the overall prevalence of anemia was 23. Apr 11, 2016 anaemia is a public health problem affecting over 1.
Anemia is an extremely common condition in pregnancy and postpartum worldwide, conferring a number of health risks to mother and child. Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in south eastern. It affects all age groups of people and is particularly more prevalent in pregnant women. During pregnancy, iron requirements i8 ncreases thus exacerbating the prevalence of anaemia, also there is a disproportionate increase in plasma volume more than red cell mass resulting in a physiological drop in hemoglobin level hb in the mid trimester 9. In africa the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 57. Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant. Pdf anemia is a global public health problem in both developing and developed countries, especially among pregnant women. Anaemia in pregnancy is a public health problem in developing countries. Thus, it is critical to distinguish iron deficiency anemia from physiologic anemia, as well as to identify other less common causes of anemia that may require treatment. Guidelines for the use of iron supplement to prevent and treat iron. In kenya, according to the ministry of health, the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women is 55. Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of a selected hospital in accra,ghana article pdf available january 2018 with 3,860 reads how we. Webmd explains the causes, symptoms, and treatment of anemia during pregnancy.
This document describes estimates of the prevalence of anaemia for the year 2011 in preschoolage children 659 months and women of reproductive age 1549 years, by pregnancy status, and by regions of the united nations and world health organization who, as well as by country. Anemia is a public health issue that affects individuals across all age groups. As shown is figure 1, the overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was found to be 63%. Prevalence of anaemia and associated risk factors among. Anemia is the commonest hematological disorder that occurs in pregnancy. Prevalence of severe wasting, weight for height % of children under 5 maternal mortality ratio modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care % of people at risk. Based on this analysis, the lowest prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was observed in amhara region, 15. Aug 11, 2017 anaemia is a major public health problem with about two billion people being anaemia worldwide. Prevalence of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. The prevalence of anemia in pregnancy varies considerably because of differences in socioeconomic conditions, lifestyles and health seeking behaviors across different cultures. At delivery, there were 10 stillbirths, 16 low birth weight lbw newborns, and 2 preterm birth cases. The prevalence of anemia and moderatesevere anemia in the us.
It involves a reduction in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. High parity was found to be a risk factor for anaemia in pregnancy. Data learn how the world bank group is helping countries with covid19 coronavirus. Generally, the study revealed that pregnant women had low knowledge and negative attitude towards control measures of anaemia in mbulu district. Anemia is common during pregnancy, but it can lead to serious problems for your unborn child. In some settings, considerable reductions in the prevalence of anaemia have been achieved. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its. Research article s january, 2016 prevalence of anemia and.
Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at aymiba health center, northwest ethiopia fikir asrie department of hematology and immunohematology, school of biomedical and laboratory sciences, college of medicine and health sciences, university of gondar, gondar, ethiopia introduction. Background anemia is a public health problem especially among pregnant women. Pdf prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending. Anemia is a global public health problem in both developing. A study of the prevalence of anemia and associated. Anaemia in pregnancy is an important public health problem worldwide. Prevalence and factors associated with anaemia among pregnant. This was a followup study conducted from october 20 to june 2015. On average, the prevalence of anemia in nonpregnant females was significantly higher than that of males. Anemia during pregnancy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of pregnant women in developing countries and has both maternal and fetal consequences.
Anemia can its widespread prevalence among women in. The prevalence of anemia in pregnancy varies considerably because of the differences in social conditions, lifestyles and health. Pathological anemia of pregnancy is mainly due to iron deficiency beard, 2000. During pregnancy, the risk for id and iron deficiency anemia ida increases due to the additional iron requirements to support expansion of blood volumered cell mass and growth of the fetus and placenta mcmahon, 2010.
There is marginally decrease in prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in india from 58% in nfhs3 national family health survey200506 to 50 % in nfhs4 survey 201516. Women often become anaemic during pregnancy because the demand for iron and other vitamins is increased due to physiological burden of pregnancy. Anemia is a significant public health problem in developing countries, particularly in pregnant women. The prevalence of mild, moderate, severe anemia were observed as 27%, 33% and 3% respectively. Anemia though is a major risk factor for unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. Kenya, the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women is 55. Who estimates that more than half of pregnant women in the world have a haemoglobin level indicative of anaemia prevalence may however be as high as 56 or 61% in developing countries 14. In a systematic analysis that ranked the causes of global anemia burden in 2010 by prevalence, hookworm infection was ranked as the third and fourth most prevalent causes among males and females, respectively, though anemia due to hookworm decreased between 1990 and 2010, particularly for males.
Anemia prevalence and risk factors in pregnant women in an. Anaemia du4ring pregnancy is considered severe when hb concentration is less than 7. The global prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy is estimated to be approximately 41. The prevalence of anemia defined by the world health organization as hemoglobin mild anemia hemoglobin from 9. Anemia in pregnancy was common in this area of high altitude in rural tanzania, but less prevalent than indicated by studies from most other parts of the country. Similarly, the adequacy of the sample size for determining the association between intestinal parasitosis and anemia status was evaluated using double. A total of 786 pregnant women of age 1240 years were included in the. The study confirms that preventing anemia is a challenge in preventive antenatal care in the highlands of tanzania. Prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency among palestinian. The main cause of anemia in obstetrics is iron deficiency, which has a worldwide prevalence between estimated 20%80% and consists of a primarily female population. The prevalence of anaemia was highest in south asia and central and west africa3. During pregnancy the disease can become more severe, and pain. Excluding positive pregnancy status, the proportion of anemic females was twice that of males 7.
When the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women is 40. Pdf prevalence and determinants of anemia in pregnancy, sana. Among the various causes of anaemia in women, iron deficiency is the most common cause, primarily due to their recurrent menstrual loss and secondary due to poor supply of iron in the diet. Davidson 1958 tabulated the salient features of this socalled physiological state, comparingto determine the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending guidelines on routine iron supplementation for pregnant women at antenatal care clinics. The prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in a developed country. Methods this is a crosssectional study that included 300 pregnant women in their first trimester and 163. Other causes include nutritional deficiencies, haemoglobinopathies, infectious and chronic diseases and, rarely, malignancy. The aim of the present study was to understand the prevalence of anemia among the pregnant women. The clinic of recruitment and low education level of the women were the factors that were independently associated with anaemia during pregnancy. Iron requirements increase during pregnancy, and a failure to maintain sufficient levels of iron may result in adverse maternalfetal consequences. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency among pregnant women and its association with pregnancy outcome in hebron governorate in southern palestine. Classification of anemia in pregnancy 3, 5 grossly classified into two types. Anemia prevalence and risk factors in pregnant women 3 of anemia among evermarried women aged 15 to 44 is reported to be 26% in urban areas and 47% in rural areas 2. Anaemia during pregnancy contributes to 20% of all maternal deaths and it increases the risks of foetal, neonatal and overall infant mortality.
According to the recent standard laid down by who, anemia is present when the hemoglobin hb concentration in the peripheral blood is 11 gmdl or less. Apr 23, 2018 anaemia in pregnant women is a public health problem, especially in developing countries. The study is a secondary data analysis of a retrospective. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and adverse perinatal outcomes of anaemia among pregnant women in moshi municipal, northern tanzania. Pdf prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency among. For all age groups and both sexes, anemia is estimated to have decreased roughly seven percentage points between 1990 and 2016, from 40% to 33%. While some degree of dilutional anemia is part of normal pregnancy physiology, iron deficiency anemia can have serious adverse health consequences for the mother and child. The variations in the prevalence of anaemia may be due to the fact that the interventions employed to address anaemia in pregnancy vary in. Prevalence of anemia risk factors in pregnant women. While the causes of anaemia are variable, it is estimated that half of cases are due to iron deficiency. Oct 17, 2017 a subgroup analysis by region in ethiopia was computed to compare the prevalence of anemia acroos different participants characterstics. Full text prevalence of anemia and its associated factors. Anemia is an extremely common condition in pregnancy and postpartum worldwide, conferring a number of health risks to. Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among.
168 1223 1563 784 732 1480 1226 1387 1465 872 1252 214 293 433 533 446 1184 1197 696 1126 1148 492 981 1484 686 1540 201 1396 419 361 1493 577 999 1408 1185 937