Ethiopian coffee is produced under forest, semiforest, garden, and plantation production systems contributing 10, 35. The biogas production and methane content of fruit and vegetable wastes fvw degradation were evaluated against a treatment. The influence of temperature on the biogas production. In tigray and amhara regions alone, 7000 domestic biogas digesters were planned to be built in the first phase 200920 of the national biogas programme of ethiopia nbpe. Biogas is a cleanburning, renewable fuel that is 6070% methane and can be used to. Ethiopia experiences an energy and environmental crisis due to the. Ethiopia clean cooking energy program poa design document 2759 kb. Plant size m3 daily feedstock kilogram daily water liters 4 24 24 6 36 36 8 48 48 10 60 60 15 90 90 20 120 120 plant size. An african initiative, a costbenefit analysis of national and regional integrated biogas and sanitation programs in subsaharan. In the latter part of 2009, the institute for sustainable development isd based in addis ababa was invited to be a partner in the nbpe with special responsibilities for the effective and efficient use of.
General information for realizing a biogas project 15 3. In this work the biogas digester programme of snv netherlands development organization, and its role in energy production of cambodia, ethiopia and laos, is evaluated. The biogas that is produced is mainly used for cooking. Presentation about uc daviss biogas technologies and integration with fuel cells. Biogas is the mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen anaerobically, primarily consisting of methane and carbon dioxide. Programme title national biogas programme ethiopia 2. By using worthless resources like rotten food, kitchen waste and humananimal waste, ordinary people can produce the valuable fuel they need to cook food and produce lighting. Digestate is the decomposed substrate, rich in macro and micro nutrients and therefore suitable to be used as plant fertiliser. Biogas installation provided each biogas household to save on average 144 minutes per day.
Total production of electricity in 2015 was 1,708 ktoe with 82. Cow dung, ethiopia introduction the depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the increased. Codigestion of ethiopian food waste with cow dung for. To address these challenges, mainly in rural areas, biogas technology has been domesticated since 2009, as seen in the national program. The production and collection of biogas from a biological process was documented for the. Production of biogas by anaerobic digestion anaerobic digestion is a natural process in which bacteria convert organic materials into biogas. Pdf the consumption of fuel wood and charcoal in ethiopia continues to increase as. Biogas plants provide organic fertilizer and sustainable energy to increase crop yield and supply households with clean safe energy sue edwards with fentaw ejigu and hailu araya from institute of sustainable development. A household family with just three heads of cattle or seven pigs can generate sufficient gas to meet their basic domestic andor productive energy needs. Pdf characterization of fruit and vegetable wastes for. Afrec, 2015 energy consumption and production ethiopia s population in 20 was 94.
The environmental benefits of domestic biogas technology. Biogas plant construction manual april 2011 united states forces afghanistan page 2of 4 table 2. Biogas technology has a poor image biogas plants are built by dreamers for poor people. National biogas programethiopia, program implementation document january 20087. Numbers of countries in the world including ethiopia are. The bacteria are also active in landfills where they are the principal process degrading landfilled food wastes and other. However, a biogas plant seldom meets the owners need for status and recognition. The measured productivity in terms of specific biogas production sbp is of about 0. The choice of one energy source may produce another energy source. By the end of august 2011, 1 634 biogas digesters were installed and working. Almost half of the biogas production occurs in europe. Therefore, this book will give up to date information about biogas energy production and use to policy makers, experts, researchers and other partners in.
In ethiopia, these energy sources have been in decline. Biogas potential of coffee processing waste in ethiopia mdpi. Biogas plant for smallholder farmers in ethiopia showcased by awardwinning team for sustainable development. Afrec, 2015 energy consumption and production ethiopias population in 20 was 94. Brief programme profile national biogas programme ethiopia 2 1. Pdf biogas as an alternative energy source and a waste. Schoot uiterkamp 1 and sanderine nonhebel 1 1 center for energy and environmental sciences, university of groningen, nijenborgh 4, groningen 9747 ag, the netherlands. Factors influencing the adoption of biogas digesters in rural ethiopia. Pdf biogas microproduction from human organic wastea. Water withdrawals associated with biogas production in ethiopia in 2016. Biogas production for domestic use page 6 unit one. Deforestation is an important cause for climate change.
Based on a daily manure production from four cattle heads, domestic biogas can replace the equivalent consumption of five kilograms of firewood, 1. The number of biogas installations across africa is increasing, largely in the domestic energy sector, due to national domestic biogas programmes in rwanda, tanzania, kenya, uganda, ethiopia, cameroon, benin and burkina faso, each with national targets of over 10,000 domestic systems to. Biogas is a combination of methane and carbon dioxide that is produced through anaerobic digestion. More stable biological process conditions should be enabled by the mesophilic range, the thermophilic range is said to be faster and to produce more gas. Had all these digesters been constructed and properly operated, there would have been a total ghg emission reduction of about,202 t of co 2 e per annum. Biogas digester requires 20 kg droppings of four cows of fresh dung daily to operate. The result prompted the viability of the coffee husk for biogas and methane production for better coffee solid waste management in gidabo watershed of ethiopia. Introduction over 85 % of the total energy demand in ethiopia is covered from biomass, mainly charcoal and. Amare zy 2014 the role of biogas energy production and use in greenhouse gas emission reduction. Introduction to biogas technology introduction welcome to the first unit in this course on biogas production. The most hopeful among them is the biogas stove, to achieve the energy.
Factors influencing the adoption of biogas digesters in rural ethiopia melaku berhe1, dana hoag2, girmay tesfay1 and catherine keske3 abstract background. The purpose of this study is thus to examine factors that influence households decisions of adopting biogas technology in rural areas in southern ethiopia. A thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies of addis ababa. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of ethiopia energy 2020 information contained here. Pdf socio economic and environmental benefits of biogas. Potential, environmental, and socioeconomic assessment of. Analysis of the development of domestic biogas in ethiopia. Indoor pollutants like co, nmoc, and pm10 are also reduced.
The nbp utilizes cattle manure as the feedstock for biogas production eredpc, 2008. Domestic biogas can be produced in domestic biogas plants, also. In this unit, we are going to look at the meaning of biogas and the history of biogas technology. In 2009, some households had already started experiencing the benefits of the project such as. However, despite all attention given to energy issues in ethiopia in the past, rural communities continue to be. Results and recommendations from implementation of the global bioenergy partnership indicators sustainability of biogas and solid biomass value. Fruit and vegetable wastes fvw were evaluated for feed stack materials to biogas production under anaerobic digestion. Biogas and energy production by utilization of different.
Production and use of biogas entail environmental, economic and social advantages. Biogas is widely accepted in ethiopia as a cooking fuel and will mainly benefit women and children. Brief programme profile national biogas programme ethiopia. Biogas digesters are being employed in many rural communities in the developing world to collect farm animal waste and convert it to biogas through anaerobic bacterial processes. The benefits of the use of biogas energy in rural areas in. Pdf ethiopia experiences an energy and environmental crisis due to the. We shall also discuss the components of a biogas plant as well as its uses and benefits. Factors influencing the adoption of biogas digesters in.
Fifty years ago, nearly half of ethiopia was covered in forests. The benefits of the use of biogas energy in rural areas in ethiopia. Biogas plants biodigesters convert animal manure, human excrement and other organic materials into combustible methane gas, known as biogas. There is a huge potential of biogas production in ethiopia from biomass 250pjy. In partnership with a local nongovernmental association known as emmanuel development association in ethiopia, we funded a biogas project with the help of donors support. Yet biogas can only be available as an energy source in the longterm if the sustainability criteria are met. Matured biogas production technology has led to the development of a number of biogas appliances used for lighting, electricity and cooking. Flexi biogas systems will run on virtually any biodegradable matter cow, pig, goat, sheep, rabbit orand chicken dung, kitchen waste, market waste, grass, water hyacinth, farm weed and garden clippings, etc points to ponder flexi biogas systems are the only domestic biogas systems globally that will run on 100% chicken poop. Some special biofuel sectors with rapid growth or volumes are biogas, pellets and charcoal. The total production of ddgs dried distillers grain solubles and oil cake was 75. Increasing energy demands on farm households in ethiopia have escalated challenges related to land degradation, indoor air quality, and rural economic development.
The global production of bioenergy from citrus waste can be compared with the production of other imported residues, such as coffee, and chala et al. Biogas is a combustible gas consisting of methane, carbon dioxide and small amounts of other gases and trace elements. Biogas technology is extremely appropriate to the ecological and economic demands of the future. Biogas can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste or food waste. Biogas provides a more sustainable, cleaner and cheaper option for most africans. The ethiopian government has disseminated thousands of biodigesters across rural villages. Biogas and energy production by utilization of different agricultural wastes 66 1 introduction producing and utilizing renewable energy both in a global and a national context is necessitated by the synergistic effect of climate change and the long term. Publisheddocumentsethiopia%20firstindcethiopia100615. The biogas technology development has a great economic benefit in a.
Bottlenecks and drivers in ethiopias domestic biogas sector linda manon kamp delft university of technology, faculty technology, policy and management, the netherlands l. The methane portion of the biogas, typically from 5080% by volume, is very rich in energy and can be used within existing infrastructure. Based on a daily manure production from four cattle heads, domestic biogas can replace the. Although biogas energy provides promise for ethiopia, to date, no study has. Pdf biogas potential of coffee processing waste in ethiopia. These include, but are not limited to, livestock manure, food waste, agricultural residues, energy crops, sewage and organic waste from. Determinants of biogas technology adoption in southern. It occurs in marshes and wetlands, and in the digestive tract of ruminants. The production of biogas from cow manure reduces ghg emission significantly. Analysis of biogas technology for household energy, sustainable livelihoods and climate change mitigation in kiambu county, kenya muriuki salome wamuyu n852762009 a research thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of doctor of philosophy, in the school of environmental studies of kenyatta university. The aim of this task force was to prepare for the start of a national domestic biogas programme.
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